Nanofluids stability on amino-silane and polymers coating titanium dioxide and zinc oxide nanoparticles

The nanofluids technology keeps advancing in the recent decades despite the modus operandi in formulating stable nanofluids is still in the grey area. This paper provides a further understanding of the nanoparticles and nanofluids synthesis methods with surface modification alternative in contemplation of nanofluid stability enhancement. Due to the shortcomings of this technology, which is the dispersity and stability issue owing to the van Der Waals attraction, this paper reports a full formulation design guideline in term of the temperature, crystal growth duration, nanoparticles concentration, pH and nanofluids synthesis method to obtain the stable titanium dioxide (TiO2) and zinc oxide (Zn0) nanofluids. Compatibility of polymers polyethylene glycol (PEG), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and an amino-silane; (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) with the synthesized nanoparticles were observed. Our findings discovered that the compatible polymer-nanoparticle composites are TiO2-PVP and ZnO-PEG with zeta potential values at 47.2 mV and 56.5 mV respectively.