Recurrent Decompression Illness Even After the Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale in a Diver

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is a risk factor for the development of decompression illness (DCI) and a therapeutic target for preventing the recurrence of DCI because nitrogen bubbles generated during diving can be paradoxically embolized through the PFO. Here, we report the case of a diver who experienced recurrent DCI even after a successful PFO closure. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)