Enhanced electrical and energy storage properties of BNT-based ceramics by the nanocrystals-induced method

The effect of BT nanocrystals on phase structure and electrical characteristics of lead-free BNT ceramics was investigated in this study. The molten-salt method was used to make the BT nanocrystals. All ceramics showed a pure perovskite phase. The density values ranged from 5.87 to 5.91 g/cm 3 . The highest density value was obtained for the sample of BT seed = 5 mol%. With increasing BT seed content, the dielectric constant ( ε r ) at room temperature tended to increase. The sample of 10BTs ( x = 10 mol%) had the highest dielectric constant ( ε r = 1652). For compositions of BT-added, the dielectric spectra showed a broad maximum around T F–R . The sample of 5BTs ( x = 5 mol%) had the highest d 33 value of 161 pC/N. Furthermore, a high energy storage density ( W ~ 0.69 J/cm 3 ) with the highest energy storage efficiency ( η = 70%) was obtained from the sample of BT nanocrystals added (BTs = 0.10 mol%).