Development Characteristics and Main Controlling Factors of Tidal Sand Bar in Estuary

The dual effects of rivers and tidal action have induced the complex sedimentary characteristics and internal structure of the tidal-controlled estuary bar, which has made it difficult to predict and develop favorable reservoirs in the tidal-controlled estuary. In this paper, the sedimentary dynamics numerical simulation method is used to establish an ideal tidal-controlled estuary model with salinity. Set different flow rates, water depths, tidal ranges and slopes, carry out sedimentation simulations of tidal-controlled estuaries and their interlayers, and explore the main controlling factors for their development. By analyzing the development characteristics of the length, width and thickness of the bar and the length and thickness of the internal interlayer, the relationship between the various factors and the deposition of the estuary is revealed. The results show that in the tidal-controlled estuary environment, the main factor that plays a major role in the shape of the estuary sand bar is the tide height, followed by the bottom bed slope, water depth and river flow factors. The main effect of tidal range on sand bars is that the greater the tidal range, the greater the ratio of length to width of sand bars in the estuary, and the higher the degree of development of sand bars. In the environment of tidal-controlled estuaries, the formation and distribution of interlayers are mainly affected by tides. Among them, the length of the interlayer increases with the increase of tidal energy, but the thickness change is not obvious. Numerical simulation research on the development and distribution of bars and interlayers based on sedimentary dynamics will provide new ideas for the sedimentary evolution of tidal-controlled estuaries and provide guidance for the exploration and development of tidal-controlled estuaries.