Altered functional activity in the right superior temporal gyrus in patients with definite vestibular migraine

Background Vestibular migraine (VM) is one of the most common causes of episodic central vestibular disorders; it is worth investigating whether VM belongs to the migraine subtype or is a separate disorder. The study is aimed at investigating resting-state functional brain activity alterations in patients with definite VM (dVM). Methods Seventeen patients with dVM, 8 patients with migraine, and 17 health controls (HCs) were recruited. The amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF), fractional ALFF (fALFF), and regional homogeneity (ReHo) were calculated to observe the changes in spontaneous brain activity. Results Compared with HCs, VM patients showed significantly increased ALFF values in the right temporal lobe ( P = 0.002) and increased ReHo values in the right superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyrus (STG, MTG, and ITG, P = 0.013); patients with migraine showed significantly increased ALFF values in the right limbic lobe ( P = 0.04), left ITG ( P = 0.024), and right frontal lobe ( P < 0.001), significantly decreased ALFF values in the pons and brainstem ( P = 0.013), and significantly decreased ReHo values in the frontal cortex ( P < 0.001). Compared with patients with migraine, VM patients showed significantly increased fALFF values in the right parietal lobe ( P = 0.011) and right frontal lobe ( P = 0.026) and significantly increased ReHo values in the right thalamus ( P = 0.043). Conclusions Patients with VM and migraine both had altered brain function, but the regions involved are different.