Burns and Donor Site Treatment Using Allogeneic Type I Collagen

Introduction. The search for methods to reduce the time of treatment of burns and wounds of the donor sites currently remains relevant.Aim. Objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of local treatment of II–IIIA degree burns and donor site wounds with dressings based on allogeneic type I collagen.Material and methods. The study included 434 patients hospitalized in 2018–2021. Collagen dressings were used in 280 patients (234 with II–IIIA degree burns and 46 with donor site wounds); 154 patients of the comparison group received traditional treatment in accordance with the standards of care for burns. Patients did not differ statistically significantly in age and the area of burns (general, superficial, deep). Lyophilized, sterile dressings based on type I collagen (RC No. FSR 2009/06370 December 8, 2014) were manufactured in accordance with TU No. 9393-002-01967081-2008 by the Department for Tissue Preservation and Graft Manufacturing of our Institute. We compared the timing of wound epithelialization when using collagen dressings versus the conventional treatment, and the pain intensity in the donor sites as assessed by the visual analogue scale for pain.Results. The terms of complete epithelialization of II–IIIA degree burn wounds made 10 (7;12) days when collagenbased dressings were used, and 18 (14;20) days without collagen, the difference being statistically significant (p<0.001). Epithelialization of the donor site wounds took 9 (8;10) days with using collagen dressings, and 11 (10;12) days with conventional treatment (p<0.001). The visual analogue scale assessed pain intensity in the donor site wounds after collagen application was statistically significantly lower on days 1, 4, and 7 than in patients on conventional treatment (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.003, respectively).Conclusion. The use of dressings based on type I allogeneic collagen for the treatment of superficial burns and the donor sites reduces the time of re-epithelialization, decreases the pain intensity in the donor site wounds, which proves the greater efficacy of this treatment method.