Intrabronchial haemorrhage – the bronchoscopist’s nightmare: A case of major haemoptysis due to pulmonary Dieulafoy’s disease

Massive haemoptysis is a term used to describe a large amount of expectorated blood or rapid rate of bleeding (>100 ml blood in 24 h) and is associated with a serious risk of death. However, there is no clear consensus on its definition [1]. In the present we report the case of a 39-year-old male, investigated for haemoptysis, quickly turning bad during diagnostic flexible bronchoscopy due to a rare condition. The congenital abnormality with displaced right upper lobe segmental bronchus and lack of the apical segment bronchus of the right lower lobetogether with the endoscopic narrow-band imaging were the diagnostic clues for the presence of pulmonary Dieulafoy‘s disease and angiographic glue embolization (n-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate) the treatment of choice.