HIGHLY PHAGOCYTIC LIPID-ASSOCIATED MACROPHAGES (LAMs) ARE INCREASED IN COLONIC LAMINA PROPRIA IN OBESITY

Little is known about the effects of high fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity on resident colonic lamina propria (LP) macrophages (LPMs) function and metabolism. Here, we report that obesity and diabetes resulted in increased macrophage infiltration in the colon. These macrophages exhibited the residency phenotype CX3CR1hiMHCIIhi, and were CD4−TIM4−. During HFD, resident colonic LPM exhibited a lipid metabolism gene expression signature that overlapped that used to define lipid associated macrophages (LAMs). Via single cell RNA sequencing, we identified a sub-cluster of macrophages, increased in HDF, that were responsible for the LAM signature. Compared to other macrophages in the colon, these cells were characterized by elevated glycolysis, phagocytosis and efferocytosis signatures. CX3CR1hiMHCIIhi colonic resident LPMs had fewer lipid droplets (LD) and decreased triacylglycerol (TAG) content compared to equivalent cells in lean mice, and exhibited increased phagocytic capacity, suggesting that HFD induces adaptive responses in LPMs to limit bacterial translocation. ### Competing Interest Statement E.J.P. and E.L.P. declare that they are Founders of Rheos Medicines. E.L.P. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Immunomet Therapeutics. The other authors declare no competing interests.