Dynamic modeling and analysis of a tristable vortex-induced vibration energy harvester

Wind-induced vibration energy harvesters with unique dynamic characteristics and excellent energy harvesting performance have received increasing attention. This study establishes a dynamic model of a tristable vortex-induced vibration energy harvester (TVIVEH) and analyzes the output voltage and dynamic characteristics numerically and experimentally. The results indicate that the working wind speed range can be widened and adjusted using a magnetic-coupled tristable configuration. More importantly, it is found that the TVIVEH has a multi-solution wind speed range, and the vibration orbit and output voltage at the same wind speed are significantly different under different initial conditions. At the multi-solution wind speed range, the TVIVEH under appropriate initial conditions can potentially realize vibration at the high-energy orbit, which can improve the energy harvesting efficiency. Overall, this study provides a framework for the analysis and the design of magnetically coupled wind-induced vibration energy harvesters.