Optimal Energy and Pollution Management for Multimicrogrids Coalition Based on a Cooperative Game Theory Model

In this manuscript, two issues of energy management as well as controlling the emission of pollution in multiple microgrids are followed. For this purpose, a three level optimization problem is developed for simultaneous energy and pollution management. In the proposed model, the combination of microgrids is modeled as a coalition that seeks to maximize the cumulative profits. On the other hand, in the proposed based on the game theory, participation in the pollution permit market is also considered. In the proposed model, it is assumed that the central operator is responsible for the optimal energy and pollution management of all microgrids. The problem facing the central operator is formulated in two levels. The bilevel model is formulated as an MPEC problem. The energy exchanged between the microgrids and upstream network and the share of each microgrid in the pollution permits are the output of the bilevel problem. On the other hand, an optimization problem (third level) is developed from each of the local operators' points of view. In this problem, how to operate each of the microgrids is determined. The results of studies in this paper show that with the simultaneous management of energy and pollution, the total amount of pollution should be reduced by 8% compared to the case where only energy management is carried out. On the other hand, using the proposed model (three-level) compared to the two-level model, the cost of applying to the whole coalition is reduced by 5%.