The value of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring during positioning in pediatric scoliosis correction: A case report

Introduction: Prone position during posterior spine surgery can represent a potentially risky procedure for the nervous system. Infrequent injuries due to prone positioning consist of subtle spinal cord infarc-tion or myelopathy that can be promptly detected by intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM), if applied in this phase of surgery. Here, we report a case that stresses the value of IONM even in detecting spinal positioning-related neurological complications during kyphoscoliosis correction. Case presentation: A 3-year-old child with a severe thoracic kyphoscoliosis with the angle in the tract T5 -T6 underwent an early treatment of scoliosis with growing rods. Before instrumentation or the reduction maneuver, lower limb somatosensory and motor responses disappeared. The patient was repositioned with neck and chest in a more protective position and neuromonitoring signals returned to baseline. The surgery could be completed and the patient had no postoperative neurologic or vascular deficits. Conclusion: Our findings suggest the importance of extending neuromonitoring in the early phases of anesthesia induction and patient positioning during corrective spinal deformity surgery.(c) 2022 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V.This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).