A Helix-like Triboelectric Nanogenerator for Efficient Ambient Vibrational Energy Harvesting and Self-powered Applications

Ambient vibrational energy harvesting technology becomes a promising method to continuously drive electronics. The emergent triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) based vibrational energy harvester introduces an advisable pathway towards self-powered system exploration. Herein, a helix-like (H-) TENG operating in contact separation mode is reported for vibrational energy harvesting. The H-TENG is designed as a multi-layer structure for high space-efficient utilization and excellent electrical performance. The influences of triboelectric materials on the electrical output of H-TENG are systematically compared to achieve a maximum output characteristic with an open-circuit voltage of 261 V and a short-circuit current of 52 µA under natural frequency. Meanwhile, the frequency response of H-TENG by varying the frequency is further investigated to maintain a well output over a wide frequency range. With the connected power management circuit, the H-TENG can successfully drive several types of electronics, and further demonstrate a self-powered sensor system by powering a thermo-hygrometer. The proposed H-TENG provides an efficient method for vibrational energy harvesting that endows its potential for extensive self-powered applications in electrical engineering.