Numerical Simulations of Coronary Artery Diseases Using a Differential Hybrid Petri Net Model of the Cardiovascular System

World statistics data confirm that cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality globally. CVDs include several cardiovascular system dysfunctions that affect heart functionality, such as heart failure and cardiac arrhythmias caused by coronary artery disease (CAD). The early diagnosis and prognosis of CVDs could decrease its high mortality rate. Therefore, several cardiovascular clinical assessment tools have been proposed to understand cardiovascular hemodynamics in normal and abnormal conditions. In this work, from the cardiovascular system model, which is based on the Differential Hybrid Petri Net formalism, numerical simulations for cases of healthy behavior and with CADs are performed. The Differential Hybrid Petri Net is introduced due its intrinsic feature to describe and manipulate continuous variables and discrete events that occur in the cardiovascular system. Then, the results are analyzed based on hemodynamic parameters and on the electrocardiogram for the diagnosis of CADs, in addition to comparing them with related works and clinical data, which validate the results of this study.