Design and Implementation of an Energy Metering System to Recognize the Household Electrical Energy Consumption Pattern Through an IoT Network

Energy efficiency is a widely studied topic not only from a technical perspective but also from a technological transfer one. Few research works focus on energy consumption habits of household consumers, through the measurement of typical household devices, for later collection and processing by means of a self-implemented wireless energy meter. When the owners of a residential building receive their monthly electric energy bill, the information does not discriminate the consumption behaviour of household appliances and loads. Furthermore, the behaviour of energy consumption at separate times of the day or week is not directly inferred. If consumers were able to identify those devices which have a higher consumption based on historical consumption data or baseline consumption, they could take actions that effectively impact its electrical energy consumption. Due to the spread of the Internet of Things (IoT) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) with high capabilities for data acquisition and analysis, the inference process has improved in the last few years. Since the user's decision-making actions to reduce the electrical monthly energy consumption are supported on better analysis, proper actions are expected. This novel contribution describes the design methodology and the implementation of a system that integrates energy measurement techniques through IoT networks, providing the user with detailed information regarding their electrical energy consumption behaviour. Additionally, field measurements are analysed for households located in Bogotá, Colombia.