The Effect of Photodynamic Therapy Mediated by Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles Containing Chlorin e6 and Indocyanine Green on 3D Prostate Cancer Model

Cancer is a disease that all humanity has been fighting for many years. There are many cases where traditional treatment methods are still ineffective. In order to treat cancer disease permanently, the life cycle of cancer cells must be stopped or destroyed, as well as the destruction of the physiologically formed microenvironment or the blood vessels that feed them. In this study, prostate cancer microtissues were created to mimic the specified cancer structure. A novel method, Photodynamic therapy (PDT), has been applied on microtissues in the presence of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) bearing chlorin e6 and indocyanine green. The photosensitizers were loaded on MSNs. A dual laser system built with 655 and 808 nm diode lasers was used to excite the photosensitizers in MSNs simultaneously. According to the results, optimum prostate tumor microtissue form was created. While the nanoparticle and light applications did not cause any toxicity alone, statistically significant phototoxicity was achieved in the PDT groups. 200 μg/ml of nanoparticle concentration induced approximately 60% decrease in the cell viability of the PC3 microtissues. In conclusion, the destruction of cancer cells in microtissues and increased photodynamic action were achieved.