Anti-oxidant Response of Lipidom Modulates Lipid Metabolism in Caenorhabditis elegans and in OxLDL-Induced Human Macrophages by Tuning Inflammatory Mediators

Atherosclerosis is the main pathological process of most cardiovascular diseases. It can begin early in life and may remain latent and asymptomatic for an extended period before its clinical manifestation. Lipidom, an ayurvedic prescription medicine, contains five herbal constituents with reported anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and lipid lowering properties. The present study is aimed to characterize the pharmacological potentials of Lipidom. The phytochemical analysis of Lipidom was performed on high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) platform. Lipidom was evaluated for cytosafety, NF-κB activity, IL-1β and MCP-1 levels, modulation of NLRP3 pathway, ROS generation, lipid accumulation and gene expression in oxidized LDL stimulated THP1 macrophages. Furthermore, assessment of Lipidom was also done in the in-vivo Caenorhabditis elegans model. Analysis of brood size, % adult, lipid accumulation, triglyceride levels, MDA formation, SOD-3 levels and gene expression was performed in C. elegans . Lipidom treatment significantly reduced the inflammatory markers, lipid accumulation, oxidative stress and normalized genes involved in atherosclerosis development in THP1 macrophages. Lipidom treated C. elegans showed a significant decline in the lipid accumulation and oxidative stress. Lipidom showed a multifaceted approach in modulating the mediators responsible for development and progression of atherosclerosis. ### Competing Interest Statement The test article was provided by Divya Pharmacy, Haridwar, Uttarakhand, India. Acharya Balkrishna is an honorary trustee in Divya Yog Mandir Trust, which governs Divya Pharmacy, Haridwar. In addition, he holds an honorary managerial position in Patanjali Ayurved Limited, Haridwar, India. Other than providing the test formulations, Divya Pharmacy or Patanjali Ayurved Limited were not involved in any aspect of the research reported in this study. All other authors have declared no conflict of interest.