Use of ultrasound biomicroscopy to predict the outcome of anterior segment reconstruction in congenital fibrovascular pupillary membrane with secondary glaucoma

AimsTo evaluate the efficacy and safety of anterior segment reconstruction (ASR) in congenital fibrovascular pupillary membrane-induced secondary glaucoma (CFPMSG) basing ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) classification. MethodsThis ambispective cohort study enrolled patients with CFPMSG who underwent ASR between January 2014 and September 2020. Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations and UBM were performed before surgery and postoperatively. The patients were classified into three types according to the UBM configurations. Anterior chamber recovery (ACR) was defined as deepening in anterior chamber (>= 1.5 mm all through final follow-up (FFU), while success following ASR was defined as ACR and intraocular pressure (IOP)<= 21 mm Hg. Results25 eyes of 25 patients underwent ASR (average age at operation 5.8 +/- 5.0 months, 48% girls) with FFU 15.8 +/- 16.9 months. Enrolled subjects were classified into type I (11 eyes), type II (11 eyes) and type III (3 eyes). After ASR, 23 eyes (92%) achieved ACR, and the mean ACD increased in all groups (p=0.006, <0.001 and 0.003, respectively). Eyes with types I and II demonstrated a reduction of IOP (p=0.009 and 0.002, respectively). ASR success rate was highest in type I (72.9%) compared with types II and III (18.2% and 0%, respectively; p=0.011). ASR led to decreased number of antiglaucoma medications for type I CFPMSG at FFU (p=0.016). No vision-threatening postoperative complications occurred. ConclusionsASR for CFPMSG results in increased ACD and improvement in IOP. Postoperative IOP control was best in type I CFPMSG but not as effective in types II and III. UBM-based classification helps to predict the surgical outcome of ASR in CFPMSG.