Dust dispersion law and high-pressure air curtain control technology of crossheading during the process of ore unloading

In order to solve the problem of dust pollution in the crossheading caused by ore pass unloading, this paper studied the dust diffusion rule in the crossheading by numerical simulation, established the prediction model of dust concentration in the crossheading, proposed the high-pressure air curtain to control the dust pollution in the crossheading, and determined the dust control parameters of the high-pressure air curtain. The results show that the dust diffusion velocity in the horizontal direction is higher than that in the vertical direction; Discharge height and ore size have a great influence on the mean dust concentration in the crossheading, under the allowable conditions of mine production, the discharge height should be reduced and the ore size should be increased as much as possible; The Sparrow Search Algorithm (SSA)-Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) model can better predict the mean dust concentration in the crossheading of the numerical simulation results of this paper; The inclination of high-pressure air curtain decreases with the increase of air supply angle under the action of impact airflow. When the air supply speed and angle of the high-pressure air curtain are 35 m/s and 30° respectively, the dust removal efficiency of each section in the crossheading can reach 87.3%.