The First Successful Transcatheter Closure of an Inferior Sinus Venosus Defect with Anomalous Drainage of the Right Lower Pulmonary Vein Using Bare and Covered Stents: A Single-Case Report

Inferior sinus venosus defect (SVD) is less common than a superior one. The lower edge of the defect straddles the orifice of the inferior vena cava, and this makes surgical repair via bicaval cannulation a technical challenge. The orifice of the unroofed right pulmonary vein is caused by the interatrial communication in sinus venosus defects which results in partial anomalous pulmonary vein drainage (PAPVD). Novel transcatheter closure of a superior SVD has recently been described; however, transcatheter closure of an inferior SVD has not yet been reported in the published literature. Here, we report the first successful transcatheter closure of an inferior SVD with bare and covered stents and the rerouting of a PAPVD into the left atrium to avoid occlusion of the hepatic veins. In this single-case report, we carefully describe the planning process, how the procedure was performed, and the steps taken to recapture and reposition a migrated stent. Careful patient selection and intensive assessment of pulmonary and hepatic vein anatomy before and during the procedure were necessary to achieve a successful outcome.