State Estimation of Power System Based on Optimal Placement of PMUs using Tree Growth Algorithm Optimization

With the rapid expansion of the power system, the complexity of observing overall system performance has been increased. Hence, state estimation analysis is considered an ideal solution to assess the state of the electrical network which ensures the total observability of the system. Therefore, this paper presents a state estimation using phasor measurement units (PMUs). The allocation of PMU is characterized as an optimization problem (OPP) in such demands to keep track of any bus that has at least a few PMU installations. System topology and zero injection buses (ZIBs) are considered in the optimal allocation of the PMU. In this regard, OPP is solved by a new technique which is called Tree Growth Algorithm (TGA). TGA simulation results are obtained using two IEEE standards-compliant systems (14-bus and 30-bus). The obtained results demonstrate that while the system is still fully visible, the number of installed units is reduced when the ZIB is taken into account while allocating a PMU's placement Additionally, state estimation analysis is carried out to determine the effectiveness of placing PMUs in order to reduce estimation error.