Factors related to quality of life of people living with HIV in Alicante, Spain

Enfermedades infecciosas y microbiologia clinica (English ed.)(2021)

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Abstract
To analyze the determinants that influence the health-related quality of life of people living with HIV in Alicante (Spain). A cross-sectional study was conducted, which recruited 214 Spanish-speaking participants over 18 years of age living with HIV from an outpatient consulting office of the infectious diseases in a hospital in Alicante between 2013 and 2014. A self-administration sociodemographic survey and the Short Form Health Survey (SF-36v2) was used to assess health-related quality of life. This questionnaire measures health on eight domains. 70% of the participants were male, 50% had CD4 cell count between 200−499 cells/mm3 and 20% were infected by the hepatitis C virus (HCV). For the eight SF-36v2 scales, the average scores were higher than 45. Men presented better scores than women; there were statistically significant differences in all the scales except for general health. Being co-infected with HCV and being unemployed or other situations other than having a job were significantly associated with a lower physical component summary (PCS), while being married or having a partner were significantly associated with a higher score in the mental component summary (MCS). The socioeconomic level and the presence of clinical factors such as HCV influence the scales of quality of life of physical health among adults living with HIV. Analizar los determinantes que influyen en la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de las personas que viven con el VIH en Alicante (España). Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal que reclutó a 214 participantes castellanoparlantes mayores de 18 años con VIH atendidos en consultas externas de la Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas de un hospital de Alicante entre 2013 y 2014. Se auto-administró un cuestionario sociodemográfico y el cuestionario sobre calidad de vida relacionado con la salud Short-Form-36 (SF-36v2) que mide la salud en ocho dimensiones. El 70% de los entrevistados eran varones, el 50% presentaban cifras de linfocitos CD4+ entre200 a 499cel/mm3. El 20% estaban coinfectados por el virus de la Hepatitis C (VHC). Para las ocho dimensiones del SF-36v2, las puntuaciones medias fueron superiores a 45. Los hombres presentaron mejores puntuaciones que las mujeres en todas las dimensiones a excepción de la salud general, siendo estadísticamente significativos. La coinfección con VHC y una peor situación laboral resultó con una menor puntuación en el Componente Sumario Físico (CSF), mientras que estar casado o tener pareja se asoció significativamente con una mayor puntación en el Componente Sumario Mental (CSM). El nivel socioeconómico y la presencia de factores clínicos como la coinfección por el VHC influyen en las dimensiones de calidad de vida de la salud física en los adultos que viven con VIH.
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Key words
HIV/AIDS,Adult,Female,Male,Cross-sectional studies,Health related quality of life,Patient-reported outcomes
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