Application of CAD-CAM Technologies for Maxillofacial Bone Regeneration: A Narrative Review of the Clinical Studies

The application of regenerative methods in treating maxillofacial defects can be categorized as functional bone regeneration in which scaffolds without protection are used and in-situ bone regeneration in which a protected healing space is created to induce bone formation. It has been shown that functional bone regeneration can reduce surgical time and obviate the necessity of autogenous bone grafting. However, studies mainly focused on applying this method to reconstruct minor bone effects, and more investigation concerning the large defects is required. In terms of in situ maxillofacial bone regeneration with the help of CAD-CAM technologies, the present data have suggested feasible mesh rigidity, perseverance of the underlying space, and apt augmentative results with CAD-CAM-based individualized Ti meshes. However, complications, including dehiscence and mesh exposure, coupled with consequent graft loss, infection and impeded regenerative rates have also been reported.