Flexible class of exact Hubbard-Stratonovich transformations
PHYSICAL REVIEW E(2023)
摘要
We consider a class of Hubbard-Stratonovich transformations suitable for treating Hubbard interactions in the context of quantum Monte Carlo simulations. A tunable parameter p allows us to continuously vary from a discrete Ising auxiliary field (p = infinity) to a compact auxiliary field that couples to electrons sinusoidally (p = 0). In tests on the single-band square and triangular Hubbard models, we find that the severity of the sign problem decreases systematically with increasing p. Selecting p finite, however, enables continuous sampling methods such as the Langevin or Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods. We explore the tradeoffs between various simulation methods through numerical benchmarks.
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关键词
transformations,flexible class,hubbard-stratonovich
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