Brief report prevalence of Echinococcus species in wild foxes in parts of Qinghai Province, China

Echinococcosis, caused by tapeworms of the genus Echinococcus , is a zoonotic parasitic disease. Various Echinococcus spp. are endemic and distributed in the Qinghai Province of China. Currently, few studies on the prevalence of Echinococcus spp. in the wild foxes are available. Hence, the aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of Echinococcus spp. in wild foxes in highly endemic areas of Qinghai Province, China. A total of 600 wild canid fecal samples were collected from Yushu, Qilian and Guinan in the study region, and 521 samples were successfully molecularly identified as wild foxes (Tibetan fox: 448, red foxes: 70, corsac fox: 3). Among the wild foxes, 5.57% (29/521) tested positive for Echinococcus spp. The prevalence rates of Echinococcus spp. in wild foxes in the Yushu, Qilian and Guinan areas were 2.51%, 15.22% and 0.96%, respectively. Furthermore, sequencing analysis indicated that E . multilocularis was the most prevalent species, occurring in 4.03% (21/521) of the wild foxes. Compared to E . granulosus occurring in 0.58% (3/521) of the foxes, E . shiquicus occurred in 1.54% (8/521), and E . shiquicus was first reported with 2.17% (3/138) prevalence in the Qilian area, indicating its transmission range is expanding. The current results provide useful epidemiological data for understanding and monitoring the dissemination of Echinococcus spp. by wild foxes in Qinghai Province, China.