Analyzing the impact of adding aluminum oxide and cerium oxide nanoparticles to waste cooking biodiesel on engine performance, combustion and emissions characteristics

The purpose of this research is to analyze the emission, combustion, and performance parameters of a CRDI diesel engine fueled by waste cooking oil (WCO) biodiesel (B20%), diesel (80%), and their blend with two distinct metal-based nanoparticles cerium oxide (CeO2) and aluminum oxide (Al2O3). Transesterification was used to produce biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO). An ultrasonication procedure was used to gradually mingle the nanoparticles with a B20-diesel fuel blend in mass fractions of 50 and 100 ppm. The developed nanoparticle fuel samples were designated as (B20 + 50 Al2O3, B20 + 100 Al2O3, B20 + 50 CeO2, B20 + 100 CeO2). The CRDI engine was run at a constant speed with four different engine loads: 3 kg, 6 kg, 9 kg, and 12 kg. The result showed that the presence of Al2O3 in the blended fuel improved the BTE by 11.39%, reduced the SFC by 13.74%, and increased the cylinder pressure and heat release rate (HRR) by 16.77% and 21.48% respectively compared to B20 fuel at peak load condition. Regarding harmful emissions, CO emissions decreased by 15.06% for B20 + 50 Al2O3 than B20 and HC emissions decreased by 50% for B20 + 50 CeO2 than diesel at peak load. Further, NOx is reduced by 18.29% for B20 + 50 CeO2 than B20 at peak loads.