Smooth muscle tumor associated with Epstein Barr-virus in pediatric patients

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is asymptomatic in most cases, however, the virus can be linked to pre-malignant lymphoproliferative diseases and to distinct human tumors. They can be classified as leiomyomas or leiomyosarcomas. Diagnosis depends on histopathology and EBV detection. Symptoms are associated with the lesion site. Various treatment modalities are described. It is mainly based on surgical resection, when possible, associated with reduced immunosuppression. It is also associated with targeted therapy and antiviral drugs. The role of surgery and chemotherapy are not well defined yet.