Analysis of Factors Affecting Neutralizing Antibody Production after COVID-19 Vaccination Using Newly Developed Rapid Point-of-Care Test

(1) Objective: To investigate the factors that affect rates of neutralizing antibody production and duration after vaccination using the newly developed SARS-CoV-2 POCT. (2) Methods: The production of immunoglobulin and neutralizing antibody in clinical subjects who completed various vaccines was analyzed using the POCT, the semi-quantitative was interpreted by measurement application, and the quantified neutralizing antibody titers were using the ELISA. (3) Results: According to the clinical performance analysis of the POCT, the clinical sensitivity and the specificity were 96.8% (90/93) and 97.7% (167/171), respectively, for the S1 RBD IgG antibody. The clinical sensitivity was 92.22% (83/90), and the clinical specificity was 100.00% (174/174) for neutralizing antibodies. Factors influencing antibody production were analyzed using the whole blood of the five types of second-completed vaccinators (N = 736, 20-80 years old). General and neutralizing antibody and showed significant differences in age (p < 0.0001), vaccine type (p < 0.0001), inoculation interval (p < 0.0001), pain score (p < 0.0001), diabetes (p < 0.0001), and hypertension (p = 0.002). The gender (p = 0.021) and chronic fatigue (p = 0.02) did not show the significance. (4) Conclusions: An acquisition of immunoglobulin and neutralizing antibody varies according to vaccine type, age, days after vaccination, pain degree after vaccination, and underlying diseases. The POCT used in this study will be utilized for clinical recommendations such as deciding whether to receive additional vaccines through the immediate rapid determination of neutralizing antibody generation in the clinical site.