A SIMULATION TOOL TO EVALUATE ENERGY TRANSITION TARGETS WITH APPLICATION TO THE PORTUGUESE POWER SYSTEM

This paper presents an updated version of a power system simulator for the analysis of energy transition targets. The model is implemented in GAMS as a mixed integer programming problem with the goal of minimizing the fuel and emissions costs of a hydro-thermal power system, which also includes non-dispatchable renewable generation, storage technologies, electric vehicles, and hydrogen systems. The optimization procedure is performed for the entire year of operation, on an hourly basis, which allows to consider both the short-term dynamics and the seasonal features of the system. The simulator computes yearly aggregate results and hourly profiles of power generation by technology, fuel and emission costs, CO2 emissions and storage levels, as well as the renewable curtailment needed to balance the system. The model was validated with the Portuguese power system and reveals a with a good fit between real and simulation results. An illustrative case study for the Portuguese power system was carried out, with the representation of 1 million electric vehicles in smart charging mode, 1 GW hydrogen storage, 9.3 GW of wind capacity and 9 GW of solar capacity.