A novel and ultrasensitive non-enzymatic electrochemical glucose sensor in real human blood samples based on facile one-step electrochemical synthesis of nickel hydroxides nanoparticles onto a three-dimensional Inconel 625 foam

In this contribution, a simple and novel non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for the detection of glucose was successfully prepared by direct in situ growth of nickel hydroxide nanoparticles (Ni(OH) 2 NPs) onto a three-dimensional Inconel 625foam (IN625F) substrate through a facile electrochemical route, using cyclic voltammetry (CV) method in alkaline medium without addition of nickel salts. Then, surface characterization of modified Ni(OH) 2 /IN625F electrodes was carried out through advanced technologies, such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The electrochemical catalytic behavior of the fabricated electrodes was investigated using CV and amperometric methods. The results revealed that the novel modified sensor, Ni(OH) 2 /IN625F, showed the highest sensitivity of 5685 μAmM −1 cm −2 over a wide linear concentration range from 1 to10 mM, with lowest detection limit (LOD) of 2 μM (S/ N = 3), and short response time withi n < 2 s. Therefore, the proposed non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor demonstrated high selectivity and stability, good reproducibility, and low cost. In addition, analysis of human blood samples was performed. Hence, the constructed glucose sensor, Ni(OH) 2 /IN625F, with suitable performance could be used as a promising material in real human blood samples. Graphical abstract