Brain Networks, Clinical Manifestations, and Neuroimaging of Cognitive Disorders: The Role of Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), and Other Advanced Neuroimaging Tests

In this article, we briefly discuss imaging modalities used in clinical settings for neuroanatomical characterization and for diagnosis of the underlying disease. We then discuss how each neuroimaging tool can be used in the context of clinical syndromes. The major underlying causes relevant to our discussion include Alzheimer disease, Lewy body disease, cerebrovascular disease, frontotemporal degeneration, autoimmune diseases, and systemic or metabolic derangements.