High-Resolution Computed Tomography of Cystic Lung Disease
SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE(2022)
Abstract
The cystic lung diseases (CLD) are characterized by the presence of multiple, thin-walled, air-filled spaces in the pulmonary parenchyma. Cyst formation may occur with congenital, autoimmune, inflammatory, infectious, or neoplastic processes. Recognition of cyst mimics such as emphysema and bronchiectasis is important to prevent diagnostic confusion and unnecessary evaluation. Chest CT can be diagnostic or may guide the workup based on cyst number, distribution, morphology, and associated lung, and extrapulmonary findings. Diffuse CLD (DCLDs) are often considered those presenting with 10 or more cysts. The more commonly encountered DCLDs include lymphangioleiomyomatosis, pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis, lymphoid interstitial pneumonia, Birt-Hogg-Dube syndrome, and amyloidosis/light chain deposition disease.
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Key words
lung cyst,diffuse cystic lung disease,chest CT,lymphangioleiomyomatosis,pulmonary Langerhans' cell histiocytosis
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