Surgical Outcomes of Myopic Foveoschisis According to the ATN Classification System

Introduction This study compared the surgical outcomes in eyes with myopic foveoschisis (MF) according to the recently developed ATN classification system. Methods This was an observational case series of 64 consecutive eyes that underwent vitrectomy for MF. Eyes were classified into severe myopic maculopathy (MM) ( n = 43) and non-severe MM ( n = 21) groups according to the ATN classification system. The primary outcome measures constituted best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and anatomical changes. Results In total, BCVA improved from 0.97 to 0.53 ( P < 0.001) after surgery. The ATN score was significantly lower in the eyes with vision improvement than those without vision improvement ( P < 0.001). In the subgroup, BCVA improved from 0.79 to 0.28 in the non-severe MM group ( P < 0.001), and improved from 1.05 to 0.65 in the severe MM group ( P = 0.001) after surgery. The non-severe MM group achieved better postoperative BCVA ( P = 0.001) and were more likely to gain vision improvement ( P < 0.001) after surgery compared with the severe MM group. Anatomical success was achieved in 62 of the 64 eyes (96.88%). Two eyes with anatomical failure developed full-thickness macular holes postoperatively; both were in the severe MM group. Conclusions For patients with MF, different severity of MM based on ATN classification could lead to a significantly different prognosis after surgery. For patients with high ATN scores, the operative decision should be made cautiously for the worse anatomical and visual prognosis. ATN system is instructive in making operative proposals for MF.