Mechanisms of FLASH effect
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY(2022)
Abstract
FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is a novel radiotherapy technology defined as ultra-high dose rate (>= 40 Gy/s) radiotherapy. The biological effects of FLASH-RT include two aspects: first, compared with conventional dose rate radiotherapy, FLASH-RT can reduce radiation-induced damage in healthy tissue, and second, FLASH-RT can retain antitumor effectiveness. Current research shows that mechanisms of the biological effects of FLASH-RT are related to oxygen. However, due to the short time of FLASH-RT, evidences related to the mechanisms are indirect, and the exact mechanisms of the biological effects of FLASH-RT are not completely clear and some are even contradictory. This review focuses on the mechanisms of the biological effects of FLASH-RT and proposes future research directions.
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Key words
FLASH radiotherapy, conventional dose-rate radiotherapy, mechanism, oxygen, radiobiology
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