Switch-on mode of bioenergetic channels regulated by curcumin-loaded 3D composite scaffold to steer bone regeneration

A graphical abstract of the “switch-on” mode regulated by curcumin in BMSCs. The customized curcumin-loaded 3D-printed scaffold enabled the controlled release of curcumin, which targeted the Cho/LR-mediated bioenergetic channel (GLUT1) and activated it by directing its spatial clustering. As a result, the “switch-on” mode was triggered and intracellular glucose uptake was increased, as well as the activation of Runx2. The “Cho/LR-GLUT1-RUNX2” axis responding to the “switch-on” mode provided a novel insight into BTE-based remedy for rapid bone regeneration.