Biowaste Materials for Advanced Biodegradable Packaging Technology

Handbook of Biodegradable Materials(2023)

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Abstract
Biowaste is a type of solid waste (SW) causing a great environmental concern through the continuously growing human population and urbanization. In addition, the common usage of non-biodegradable materials such as plastics for various applications such as food packaging entails high health and environmental risks. Resulting issues include the landfilling of non-biodegradable waste (i.e., food packaging processes), the ecosystem problems due to the merging of these materials with marine environments, and the hazardous by-products of their waste treatment (and even their production and transportation) such as greenhouse gases (GHSs), microplastics, and other chemicals are causing endurable environmental and health problems. Food packaging is one of the big markets for plastics and other non-biodegradable materials. The production of biodegradable materials is an absolute requirement both in environmental and economic terms. Biowaste (i.e., chitosan, cellulose, starch, and so on) acts as a big source of biodegradable material production that can be used for various applications such as food packaging. Besides, various biopolymers can be modified/extracted from biowaste sources and used in food packaging. Converting the biowaste into useful and eco-friendly products such as biodegradable packaging materials converts this waste into wealth. Additionally, enhancement, development, and functionalization of biodegradable packaging materials to sustain advantages such as antimicrobial, elasticizing, thermal, and barrier characteristics advance their use and sustainability. Future progress and further establishment of these technologies through nanotechnology will significantly alleviate environmental and economic concerns, and turn the global into the great goal of zero emission.
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Key words
Solid waste,Biowaste,Plastics,Biodegradable packaging materials,Non-biodegradable packaging materials,Environmental pollution,Nanotechnology,Chitosan nanocomposites,Biopolymers,Antimicrobial
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