Nonpharmacological interventions for subthreshold depression in adults: A systematic review and network meta-analysis

•Compared with physical activity (PA) and psychosocial intervention, psychotherapy may be the most effective nonpharmacological intervention to improve subthreshold depression in adults.•Compared with internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, PA and other nonpharmacological interventions, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) may be the most effective intervention to improve subthreshold depression in adults.•CBT can effectively improve the symptoms of subthreshold depression compared with the control groups, which provides us with a relevant reference for the selection of treatment methods for subthreshold depression in the future.