Dual Fuzzy Energy Control Study of Automotive Fuel Cell Hybrid Power System with Three Energy Sources

A dual fuzzy control strategy is proposed for the complex energy management problem in a multi-energy-source hybrid power system vehicle with fuel cell + Li-ion battery + super capacitor. According to the efficiency characteristic of each energy source in a fuel cell hybrid power system (referred to as FCHPS), a control scheme with a dual fuzzy control strategy is devised, in which the main fuzzy controller controls the fuel cell to ensure its power output. It is controlled by a sub-fuzzy controller that regulates the power output and braking energy recovery of the Li-ion battery and super capacitor. Simulation verification and comparative analysis were carried out under a world light vehicle test cycle (referred to as WLTC) conditions using MATLAB+ADVISOR. With a dual fuzzy control strategy, fuel cell hybrid vehicles meet dynamics requirements and the fuel economy of these vehicles is generally 6.7% and 6.4% better than power following control and single fuzzy control, respectively. Li-ion batteries are also capable of handling reduced average currents.