Shaly detritus embedded epoxy-resin coated proppants

Proppant plays a significant role in the hydraulic fracturing process, which can affect the production of oil and gas wells. Due to the high density and low adhesion force, the settling speed of traditional proppants is fast, which will lead to the blockage of a crack channel. In this study, a proppant with double layer structure is fabricated by coating epoxy-resin and shaly detritus on ceramic proppants for the first time, respectively. The epoxy-resin enables the shaly detritus to be coated on the proppant successfully, which can provide a new method for shaly detritus treatment. The adhesive ability of shaly detritus and epoxy-resin coated proppants (SEPs) is improved by 10.4% under the load force of 500 nN, which prolongs the time for the fracture to close. At the same time, the suspending ability of SEPs is two times higher than the uncoated proppants. Once the guar gum solution concentration is 0.3 wt%, the settling time of SEPs is 36.7% longer than that of the uncoated proppants, which can effectively reduce the settlement of proppants in the crack. In addition, the hydrophobicity of the SEPs is enhanced, which reduces the water-oil ratio of crude oil and increases the liquid conductivity tested by deionized water. In summary, this new proppant is expected to promote the development of unconventional oil and gas resources.