Artemisinin Based Nanomedicine for Therapeutic Applications: Recent Advances and Challenges

Malaria and cancers still existed as a prevalent life-threatening ailment lacking vaccine owing to numerous pharmacological drawbacks such as high toxicity, low solubility and low efficiency. Artemisinin is a semisynthate derived from Artemisia annua an herb with immense therapeutic potential most commonly employed for treating malaria, renal ailments and cancer. The poor solubility of this bioactives makes it less efficient in therapeutic applications. However, the advancement of nanotechnological interventions like nano drug delivery/carrier system improves therapeutic efficiency via target site delivery, precision in dosage, slow release of nanobioactives, and reduced toxicity optimally. Artemisinin drug compounds possess the ability to control immunity response and such capability has beneficial impacts in treating cancer and malaria. In recent years, nanostructures like liposomes, carbon nano tubes (CNTs), Polymeric nanoparticles improves drug efficiency and known to exploit in treating parasitic effect of malaria in humans. Consequently, nanobioformulations are novel and innovative strategy for significant therapeutic approach towards life threatening human ailments. However, there is still a need for researchers to refine the study towards nullifying the direct and indirect toxicity of nanodrugs to human body.