Neutrophils to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio as a new prognostic marker in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: a retrospective study

Background Neutrophils and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) play critical roles in the pathogenesis of acute myocardial infarction. We aimed to investigate the value of neutrophils count to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHR) in predicting occurrence of in-hospital adverse events in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 532 patients who had been diagnosed with acute STEMI and treated with PPCI. Demographic and clinical data, admission laboratory parameters and NHR values were recorded. Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) were defined as stent thrombosis, cardiac rupture, cardiac arrest, ventricular aneurysm, malignant arrhythmia and cardiac death. Based on the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, all patients were divided into 2 groups based on the cut-off NHR value (NHR ≤ 11.28, NHR > 11.28). Cox regression analyses and the Kaplan–Meier survival curve were used to assess the prognostic ability of NHR in in-hospital MACE. Results MACE was observed in 72 patients (13.5%) during in-hospital follow-up. NHR was significantly higher in MACE group compared to MACE-free group (10.93 [6.26–13.97] vs. 8.13 [5.89–11.16]; P = 0.001). The incidence of in-hospital MACE was significantly higher in the NHR > 11.28 group than in NHR ≤ 11.28 group (24.8% vs. 9.6%; P < 0.001). In multivariable Cox regression analyses, ALT, Killip III-IV and increased NHR (hazard ratio, 2.211; 95% confidence interval,1.092–4.479; P = 0.027) were identified as independent predictive factors of occurrence of in-hospital MACE. Higher NHR group had worse cumulative survival compared with the lower group. Conclusions NHR value on admission, which is an easily calculated and universally available maker, may be useful in in-hospital risk classification of STEMI patients undergoing PPCI.