Core-shell structural design and microwave absorption enhancement of multi-dimensional graphene oxide@polypyrrole/carbonyl iron fiber nanocomposites

The core-shell structural design of low-dimensional nanomaterials and the synergistic effect of dielectric and magnetic loss have made a remarkable contribution to the electromagnetic wave absorbing performance. In this paper, two-dimensional graphene oxide@zero-dimensional polypyrrole/one-dimensional carbonyl iron fiber (GO@PPy/CIF) composites with a core-shell structure were prepared by a facile in-situ chemical oxidative polymerization method, and their electromagnetic properties were systematically studied. It is indicated that when the mass ratio of GO@PPy to GO@PPy/CIF was 15 wt%, the optimal reflection loss reached − 53.67 dB at 12.24 GHz with 2.56 GHz of effective absorption bandwidth (RL≤−10 dB), and the corresponding thickness was 2.13 mm. Additionally, the better impedance matching, large attenuation constant, and coupling effect of dielectric-magnetic loss played a combined role in the optimized absorption. Therefore, this study can complement the existing theories and provide guidance for the structural design of multi-dimensional hybrid functional materials with versatile properties and complementary advantages.