An integrative review on the maternal health literacy among maternal and child workers

Aims This study aim to capture the most comprehensive evidence-based dimensions of maternal health literacy, including summarizing the definitions, theoretical frameworks, measuring instruments, and the association between maternal health literacy and health behaviours. Background Maternal health literacy has been recognized as an important approach to achieving high-quality maternal and child health; however, little is known about maternal health literacy comprehensively and scientifically. Evaluation An integrative review retrieved articles from 11 databases, following the methodology of Whittemore and Knafl. Inductive content analysis and narrative synthesis were conducted, guided by the aim of this review. Key issues A total of 5580 articles were retrieved and 23 articles were finally identified. Existing definitions and theoretical frameworks took less consideration of maternal applicability and failed to summarize maternal health literacy from a dynamic and systematic perspective. Measurement instruments were set up with many items that make it difficult to quickly screen for poor maternal health literacy. Most articles proved the association between maternal health literacy and health behaviours through correlation analysis or regression analysis but less explored the influence pathways between them. Conclusion The definition and theoretical framework need to focus on maternal applicability and explain the process of individual mothers acquiring and understanding health knowledge and skills from a dynamic and systematic perspective. A rapid instrument for maternal health literacy should be developed and high-quality empirical research was conducted to understand the associated mechanisms between maternal health literacy and health behaviours. Implications for Nursing Management It is necessary to strengthen maternal and child health education of primary health care nurses and enhance their ability to help perinatal women use maternal and child health information effectively.