Tailoring childhood immunisation services in a socioeconomically disadvantaged community in New South Wales, Australia: a cost analysis

Background Using the World Health Organization's 'Guide to Tailoring Immunization Programmes' (TIP), a three-step program was developed by health services in partnership with a marginalised community in New South Wales, Australia. The aim was to improve immunisation rates of 1-year-old children. For Step 1, nurses identified and monitored local children overdue for immunisation from a national register, and sent parents or family doctors reminders by mail or telephone. For Step 2, parents were offered appointments at a local health centre; and for Step 3, they were offered home visits. Methods An economic costing study was undertaken to examine the program's resource use. Costs were collected between 1 June 2020 and 31 May 2021. Case records were obtained for 139 children. Results A total of 56 children became up to date after receiving TIP services; most after receiving Step 1 services (n = 37). Total annual costs (A$) for the program were $34 250 or $246 per case; or $612 per case becoming up to date. At $44 per case and $98 per case becoming up to date, Step 1B: personalised reminders, was the lowest costing step. Sensitivity analysis showed a possible 8% program savings through employment of nurses with a lower salary and use of video conference meetings. Conclusion This study provides information to the local health provider on the cost of TIP alongside their community-based programs. It also identified ways in which TIP could be made more cost-effective. Decision-makers can use this information to consider whether the investment in TIP is recommended.