Porous Refractory Ceramics for High-Temperature Thermal Insulation - Part 3: Innovation in Energy Saving

: Reduction of the carbon footprint in human activities is an urgent concern, and the use of thermal insulators for preventing undesirable heat exchange and saving energy is a growing trend in industrial processes. Refractory porous ceramics offer a useful combination of high thermo-mechanical and chemical resistances of oxide-based compounds with the low thermal conductivity of porous materials. This three-part study is devoted to understanding and critically reviewing their outstanding behavior as high-temperature thermal insulators (200-2000 °C), from conventional and well-known materials to state-of-art developments. This third part highlights novel compositions, microstructures, and processes (fully developed or at the initial research stage) for high-and-ultra-high-temperature insulation, focusing on microporous refractory ceramics (µPRC).