Solution-processed next generation thin film solar cells for indoor light applications

Recently, indoor photovoltaics have gained research attention due to their potential applications in the Internet of Things (IoT) sector and most of the devices in modern technology are controlled via wireless/or battery-less means and powered by indoor photovoltaics. This review provides an overview of the developments of thin film solar cells, particularly solution-processed dye-sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells, quantum dot solar cells, and upcoming organic-inorganic metal halide perovskite solar cells for indoor applications. Further, a comprehensive material assessment, device design, and indoor lighting characteristics are discussed. We also highlight the challenges and prospects for the development of indoor photovoltaics for various IoT applications. Indoor light harvesting solar cells can effectively power the IoT devices. Solution-processable next generation solar cells fuelled by the recent growth in the IoT market present immense potential due to their lightweight and flexible nature.