A simulation-based evaluation of BRT systems in over-crowded travel corridors: a case study of Cairo, Egypt

This paper examines the performance of bus rapid transit (BRT) systems in over-crowded travel corridors. A case study of King Faisal Street in Greater Cairo Region GCR, Egypt, was adopted. A simulation model was developed using PTV VISSIM simulation platform for the study area. A data collection effort was exerted to collect operational traffic data required for model development/calibration. As BRT systems share the roadway with other modes of travel (vehicles, pedestrians, etc.), handling conflicts is a major challenge that faces operations, especially in over-crowded travel corridors. Four BRT scenarios were developed with different conflict treatment methodologies (vehicle/BRT conflicts at U-turns and vehicle/passenger conflicts near BRT stations), varying from signal control at each BRT station (scenario 1) to complete grade separation (scenario 4). Each of the developed scenarios was thoroughly assessed based on disaggregated segment travel times, aggregated corridor travel times, capacity to accommodate travel demand, and corridor level of service. A wide range of results was reported for the impact of the proposed systems on corridor traffic operations varying from 80% increase in overall travel time (scenario 1) to 18% reduction (scenario 4). Such results highlight the potential of BRT systems in improving traffic operations in over-crowded traffic corridors and the vital role of conflict treatments in achieving successful operations.