Diagnostic performance of reduced field-of-view diffusion-weighted imaging-targeted biopsy in suspected prostate cancer patients: A comparison with systematic biopsy

Purpose: To clarify the diagnostic performance of reduced field-of-view (rFOV) diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and compare prostate cancer (PCa) detection rates of rFOV DWI-targeted biopsy (rFOV DWI-TB) with systemic biopsy (SB). Materials and Methods: Ninety-eight consecutive patients with suspected PCa (mean prostate-specific antigen [PSA]: 17.85 ng/mL, range, 4–28 ng/mL) were prospectively enrolled in this study. All rFOV DWI data were carried out using PI-RADS V 2.0 assessment category. All patients underwent a 10-core SB and a further 2–4 cores of rFOV DWI-TB. The performance of rFOV DWI was analyzed, and the cancer detection rates between two methods were compared. Results: The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for detecting PCa with rFOV DWI were 85.11%, 92.16%, 90.91%, and 87.04%, respectively. Area under curve for rFOV DWI was 0.886. In the digital rectal examination (DRE) normal and PSA ≥ 10 ng/mL subgroups, the PCa detection rates were statistically greater for rFOV DWI-TB than for SB (both P < 0.05). The mean Gleason score of cancers detected by rFOV DWI-TB was significantly higher than that detected by SB (P < 0.05). In addition, the detection rate for rFOV DWI-TB cores was significantly better than for SB cores (P < 0.001). Conclusion: RFOV DWI allowed for good diagnostic performance in patients suspected of PCa. It may be useful for clinically significant PCa detecting.