All-Carbon-Atom Refinery of Oleic Acid into Bifunctional Chemicals Using Artificial Consortia of Escherichia coli Strains
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering(2022)
Abstract
Oxyfunctionalization of renewable oleic acid is an environmentally friendly process for producing C9 bifunctional chemicals, i.e., 9-hydroxynonanoic acid and its derivatives. However, the carbon atom economy of 9-hydroxynonanoic acid is extremely low (50%) due to the unavoidable formation of the unifunctional n-nonanoic acid as a coproduct. In this work, to further enhance the feasibility of its application, we report an artificially designed biocatalytic cascade process for the normal-ization of n-nonanoic acid into 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, which might be further transformed into other C9 bifunctional chemicals, namely 1,9-nonanedioic acid and 9-aminononanoic acid. This cascaded biocatalysis system was operated using different engineered E. coli consortia composed of the desired cell modules, giving 9-hydroxynonanoic acid, 1,9-nonanedioic acid, and 9-aminononanoic acid, with space-time yields of 3.1, 4.9, and 1.9 g L(-1 )d(-1), respectively. The biocatalytic process developed herein provides a promising pathway for the eco-friendly production of structurally diverse C9 bifunctional chemicals with a 100% carbon atom economy, representing the first examples, to our knowledge, for the valorization of the byproduct (n-nonanoic acid) originated from oleic acid biorefinery.
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Key words
oleic acid,artificial biorefinery,E. coli consortia,bifunctional chemicals,carbon atom economy,byproduct valorization,n-nonanoic acid
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