Lentinula ixodes comb. nov. ( Omphalotaceae , Agaricales ) including new records in Brazil.

In the search for new strains of edible mushrooms in the Brazilian Amazon Forest, we found specimens different from . These were described morphologically and evaluated phylogenetically within the clade. The mating system was determined, and interbreeding compatibility with was verified. The basidiomata have a cinnamon or deep orange to fulvous brown, moist to dry pileus, occasionally with whitish scales; crowded whitish cream lamellae; and an eccentric to lateral stipe. The typical, predominant basidiospores are 4.4-7.2 µm in length. Endogenous, elongate (7.8-14 µm) basidiospores were also found in some specimens. The long spores seem rare and occasional, but nonetheless a novelty for the group. Basidia are homogeneous in size, cheilocystidia are pyriform or bulboid, and caulocystidia are long and spheropedunculate. The hyphae of the pileipellis are pigment-encrusted. The characteristics match those of originally described from Guyana, currently a synonym of . In the phylogenetic trees, such taxon appears distinct from and sister to with strong support. This unique lineage was confirmed to be reproductively isolated from sympatric strains. comb. nov. is the second species of the genus reported in the Amazon Forest.