Study on the Influence of Random Vibration of Space-Based Payload on Area-Array Camera Frame-by-Frame Imaging

Satellite vibration is an important factor that can seriously reduce the image quality of remote sensing imaging. In this paper, the influence of the random vibration of the payload on the frame-by-frame imaging quality of the area-array CMOS camera is studied. Firstly, the mode of the camera's dynamic frame-by-frame imaging is established; secondly, the curvature mapping function between the ground and camera focal planes is derived based on the invariance of the field of view (FOV). The frequency domain-filtered template of random vibration is constructed. Then, the distortion and degradation images, of single-frame images at different attitude angles, are inversed; finally, the influence of attitude angle, exposure time, and the error of velocity, caused by random vibrations on dynamic frame-by-frame imaging, are analyzed. The simulation results show that the degree of image edge distortion gets larger when the attitude angle increases from 0 degrees to 50 degrees. At the same time, the MTF decreases rapidly with the increase of the error of velocity and the attitude angle. Meanwhile, when the output-image SSIM decreases by 0.1, the MSE increases by 18.5. The experimental results show that the field of view (FOV) of dynamic imaging should be reasonably set, and the error of velocity should be effectively reduced to obtain high-quality remote sensing images.